Chronikon Hebraikon - The World's Age Scriptually Demonstrated

Second Period - The Postdiluvian Patriarchal

Embraces 807 Years

A.M.	Names and Events	Years	Reference	B.C.
1656 1658 1693 1723 1757 1787 1819 1849 1878 1948 2006 2023 2033 2034 2047 2048 2083 2085 2088 2108 2123 2148 2158 2171 2199 2228 2229 2238 2255 2309 2383 2423 2463	The Deluge; Shem 98, and lives 502 years after Arphaxad born two years after the Flood Salah born, Arphaxad being thirty-five Eber born, after whom "the fathers" are called "Hebrews" Peleg born, in whose days the earth was divided Reu Serug Nahor Terah Abram born, Terah being seventy Noah dies 350 years after the Flood, aged 950; Abram 58 Abram, being seventy-five, leaves Charran Abram's faith counted to him for righteousness Abram marries Hagar, being eighty-five Ail-Shaddai confirms His covenant to Abram 430 years before   the promulgation of the Mosaic Law Ishmael born the year after Abram's name changed to Abraham, circumcision instituted as   the token of the confirmed covenant thirteen years after, he   being ninty-five Sodom destroyed Isaac born next year, Abraham 100; Terah 170 After this, "Abraham sojourned in the Philistine's land many days" Terah dies aged 205; Isaac 35; Abraham 135; Sarah 125 Abraham removed into the land of Moreh Sarah dies two years after Terah, aged 127 Isaac marries Rebecca three years after, aged 40 Esau and Jacob born; Abraham 160; Isaac 60 Abraham dies 15 years after, aged 175; Ishmael 89 Esau marries Judith and Bashemath, aged 40 Shem ceases from among men 35 years after Abraham's death Ishmael dies, aged 137, having outlived Abraham 48 years;   Jacob 63 Jacob visits Laban, aged 77 After 20 years with Laban, Jacob returns to Isaac and remains   with him till his death Joseph born at Laban's, Jacob being 91 Isaac dies 180 years old; Jacob 120 Joseph 30 years old when he stands before Pharaoh Jacob goes down into Egypt in the second year of famine,   being 130; Joseph 39 Jacob dies in Egypt after residing there 17 years, aged 147; Joseph 56 Joseph dies aged 110 years, being after Jacob's death Moses born 74 years after the death of Joseph, Moses being   80 years old at the Exodus, which was 430 years after the   Confirmation of the Covenant to Abram, he was therefore born   after Joseph's death. Joshua born 110 years before the time of the Judges who   succeeded him; he was therefore 40 years old at the Exodus Moses flees from Egypt into the land of Midian from the face of   Pharaoh The Exodus from Egypt; Moses 80; Caleb 40; Joshua 40.   The 430 years of sojourning "in Canaan and Egypt" end. Number of years from the Deluge to the Exodus	- 2 35 30 34 30 32 30 29 70 - 75 - 10 - 1 13 - 1 - 35 - - - 25 15 - - - - - - 105 - - 27 54 74 - - 80 807	Gen. 11:10,11 Gen. 11:12 Gen. 11:14 Gen. 11:16 Gen. 11:18; 10:25 Gen. 11:20 Gen. 11:22 Gen. 11:24 Gen. 11:26 Gen. 9:28,29 Gen. 12:4 Gen. 15:5,6 Gen. 16:3 Gen. 15; Gal. 3:17 Gen. 16:16 Gen. 17:1,5 Gen. 18:10,16 Gen. 21:34 Gen. 11:32; 17:17 Acts 7:4 Gen. 23:1 Gen. 25:20 Gen. 25:26 Gen. 25:7 Gen. 26:34 Gen. 11:10,11 Gen. 25:17 Gen. 28:6 Gen. 31:18,38,41 Gen. 30:25 Gen. 35:28 Gen. 41:46 Gen. 47:9 Gen. 47:28 Gen. 50:26 Exod. 7:7; 12:41 Josh. 24:29; . . . Acts 13:19,20 Acts 7:23,30 Acts 14:7,10; . . . Exod. 12:41	2433 2431 2396 2366 2332 2302 2270 2240 2211 2141 2083 2066 2056 2055 2042 2041 2006 2004 2001 1981 1966 1941 1931 1918 1890 1861 1860 1851 1834 1780 1706 1666 1626

NOTES ON THE SECOND PERIOD.

1.-Abraham's Age at Torah's Death.

1. Shimeall says that "Abraham was 75 years old at the death of Terah in his 205th year" (Bible Chron., p.43) I suppose he arrives at this conclusion from Acts 7:4, which says: "Then came he (Abram) out of the land of the Chaldeans, and dwelt in Charran: and from thence, when his father was dead, he removed him into this land wherein ye now dwell." lie, in common with others, has been contented with the letter of the English Version. This certainly teaches that Abram dwelt in Charran till Terah's death; and as Moses says in Gen. 12:4, that "Abram was 75 years old when he departed out of Haran," Abram, of course, could have been only 75 years old when Terah died. But chronologists have here overlooked two things: first, that the word 'calf etOer, rendered "from thence" in the text, signifies also "and then," i.e., "AFTERWARDS" (Acts 13:21); and secondly, that Abraham not only dwelt in Charran till he was 75 years but that he also afterwards "sojourned in the land of the Philistines many days or years (Gen. 21:34). It was from the land of the Philistines Abraham departed on his expedition into the land of Moriah for the purpose of offering Isaac upon one of its mountains. This transaction accomplished he returned to Beersheba in, the Philistines' land, and dwelt there (Gen 21:19). Now Terah died A.M. 2083, and Sarah, Abraham's wife, in A.M. 2085, two years after Terah. After Abraham's return to Beersheba in the Philistines' land, he received tidings from his relations in Charran when, among other family matters, he doubtless heard of Terah's death. See verse 20. After this, he removed "into the land of Canaan," to Kirjath Arba, which is Hebron; and while there Sarah died, and was afterwards buried in the covenanted land (Gen. 23:1, 2). This is the simple and scriptural statement of the case which former writers have not discerned, and in consequence of which they make "the cal4 of Abram" A.M. 2083, when he was really 135 years old, instead of A.M. 2023, when he was only 75. A chronology founded on such data must be incorrect.

2.-Shem and Melchizedec the Same Person.

2. It nowhere says in Scripture that Shem died. I have, therefore, said "he ceased from among men." I rather conclude that he is the Melchi, king of zedek righteousness, of whom Paul says "it is testified that he lived" (Heb. 7:8); and that being alive, he is a very fit and proper type of "the Apostle and high Priest of our confession" (Heb. 3:1).

3.-The Time of Joseph's Birth.

3. JOSEPH was the son of Rachel, and born at Laban's, fourteen years after Jacob entered his service. Jacob was born A.M. 2108, and went down into Egypt A.M. 2238, being 130 years old. This was in the second year of famine, or 9 years after Joseph stood before Pharaoh. When he stood before the king he was of the same age as Jesus when he stood before Yahweh jn baptism. Hence, being 39 when Jacob was 130, Joseph must have been born of Rachel when Jacob was 91. Jacob remained six years in Laban's service after Joseph's birth-in all 20 years. He was therefore 97 when he fled from Laban. From this hegira till Joseph was sold into Egypt (aged 17) was eleven years; and from the end of that to the reunion of the family in Egypt in the second year of the famine were 22 years more.

As Joseph lived till he was 110, and was born when Jacob was 91, he must have been born A.M. 2199, and have died A.M. 2309, and 54 years after Jacob's death.

4.-The Birth of Moses.

4. MOSES was 80 years old at the EXODUS (Ex. 7:7). This occurred exactly at the very night of the first passover, 430 years after Abram's marriage with Hagar, A.M. 2033. The year of the Exodus was therefore A.M. 2463. From this deduct 80 years, and we find that Moses was born A.M. 2383; from which the year of Joseph's death, A.M. 2309, being subtracted, we discover that the interval between the death of Joseph and the birth of Moses was 74 years.

5.-The Birth of Joshua.

5. JOSHUA was born 110 years before the time of the Judges, who succeeded him (Josh. 24:29; Judges 1:1). The time of the Judges was 450 years, ["About 450 years" (Acts 13 20).-C.C.W.] beginning at the death of Joshua and ending at the establishment of Samuel as prophet of Yahweh, in the 13th of Eli's judgeship. Hence, Joshua was of the same age as Caleb at the Exodus, namely, 40 years (Josh. 14: 7). He was therefore born 40 years after Moses, A.M. 2423.

6.-The 430 Years to the Exodus.

6. "They shall afflict thy seed 400 years. And also that nation (Egypt) whom they shall serve, will I judge; and afterwards shall they come out with great substance" (Gen. 15:13, 14). These words were spoken to Abram at the Typical Confirmation of the Land-Covenant. They gave him to understand that full 400 years of affliction would pass before deliverance should be sent to his seed in the land of the oppressor. He was not told how soon after the termination of 400 years deliverance should come; but simply that it should be after the lapse of that long period. Moses, in Exod. 12:30, 41, shows us that it was thirty years after the end of the 400 years; which 430 years he terms "the sojourning of Israel's sons." He does not say that they spent this 430 years in Egypt, as is generally supposed. His words are: "Now the sojourning of the sons of Israel (who dwelt in Egypt) was thirty years and 400 years. And it was at the end of thirty years and four hundred years, even the self-same day it was, that all the armies of Yahweh went out from the land of Egypt." The 430 years were the time of "the sojourning" not the time of dwelling in Egypt. Moses simply affirms that "they dwelt in Egypt," but does not say how long. They were only 225 years in Egypt; the rest of the 430 years, that is, 205 years, was spent by the family as "strangers and pilgrims in the land" (Heb. 11: 9,13). The Septuagint Version of the text adds the words at 87 7,7 Xaraav, and in the land of Chanaan; as "the sojourning of the sons of Israel (who dwelt in Egypt and in the land of Canaan) was" so long a time. But the addition is superfluous, as "the sojourning" and "the dwelling" are not identical. The sojourning covers the time of the dwelling in Egypt, but the dwelling there does not comprehend all the time of the sojourning.

The 400 years end A.M. 2433, ten years after the flight of Moses from the Court of Pharaoh, and this is, therefore, the beginning of the 30 years' time of the end, in which Egypt was to be judged. The consummation of the judgment signalized the Exodns "in the fourth generation;" the first being represented by LEVI contemporary with Abraham; the second, by KOHATH; the third, by AMRAM; and the fourth, by MOSES and his contemporaries (Exod. 6:16-20). We are informed by Paul in Gal. 3:16, 17, that there was an interval of 430 years between the Confirmation of the Abrahamic Land Covenant and the promulgation of the Mosaic Law. My chronology exactly fills up that interval with the required number of years, without any shortening, stretching, or overlapping of periods. It begins A.M. 2033, and ends A.M. 2463.

7.-Computations Concerning the Exodus.

Josephus and Hales make the Exodus . . . . . . . .	1648
Usher and the Editors of the English Bible . . . . .	1491
Calmet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	1487
Vulgar Jewish Chronology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	1312
Shimeall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	1619
The Author's Computation, which differs 22 years from Hales' Josephus, and 135 from Usher's incorporated with the English Version . . . .	1626

Shimeall makes the world at the Exodus too old by 50 years. He reckons it at 2513; an error arising from his mistake about the age of Abraham at the death of Terah.

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